Fibroid removal, also known as myomectomy, is a surgical procedure performed to remove uterine fibroids—noncancerous growths that develop within the uterus. Myomectomy is a common treatment option for women who experience symptoms such as heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, or fertility issues due to the presence of fibroids. This surgical procedure allows women to retain their uterus while addressing the problematic fibroids.

Key Aspects of Fibroid Removal (Myomectomy):

1. Indications: A myomectomy is recommended when uterine fibroids cause significant symptoms or fertility issues. Common indications include:
   • Menstrual Symptoms: Heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia), prolonged periods, and menstrual cramps.
   • Pelvic Pain and Pressure: Fibroids can cause discomfort and a feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen.
   • Fertility Concerns: If fibroids interfere with fertility or a woman's desire to become pregnant.
2. Types of Myomectomy: There are several methods for performing a myomectomy, including:
   • Abdominal Myomectomy: The surgeon makes an incision in the abdominal wall to access and remove fibroids.
   • Laparoscopic Myomectomy: Minimally invasive surgery performed through small incisions using a laparoscope (a thin, lighted instrument) and specialized instruments.
   • Hysteroscopic Myomectomy: Suitable for fibroids that protrude into the uterine cavity, this procedure is done through the vagina and cervix without any incisions.
3. Procedure: During myomectomy, the surgeon identifies and removes the fibroids while preserving the healthy uterine tissue. In laparoscopic and hysteroscopic myomectomies, the surgeon uses specialized instruments to dissect and remove the fibroids. In an abdominal myomectomy, the surgeon makes an incision to access and remove the fibroids, and then sutures the uterus closed.
4. Fertility and Pregnancy: Myomectomy can improve fertility for women with fibroids affecting the uterine cavity. However, the procedure may weaken the uterine wall, increasing the risk of uterine rupture during pregnancy and delivery. Women who have undergone myomectomy may require specialized obstetric care during pregnancy and delivery.
5. Recovery: Recovery time varies depending on the type of myomectomy performed. Laparoscopic and hysteroscopic myomectomies typically involve shorter recovery periods compared to abdominal myomectomies. Patients may experience some pain, bleeding, or discomfort following the procedure.
6. Follow-Up: Regular follow-up appointments with the healthcare provider are essential to monitor healing and address any postoperative concerns.
7. Recurrence: While myomectomy removes existing fibroids, it does not prevent the development of new ones. Some women may experience the recurrence of fibroids over time.
8. Alternatives: In some cases, alternative treatments such as uterine artery embolization (UAE) or focused ultrasound surgery (FUS) may be considered as non-surgical options for fibroid management.

Fibroid removal (myomectomy) is a valuable option for women seeking relief from the symptoms of uterine fibroids while preserving their fertility and uterus. The choice of myomectomy approach depends on factors such as the size, location, and number of fibroids, as well as the patient's overall health and fertility goals. Consultation with a gynecologist or a reproductive specialist is essential to determine the most appropriate treatment plan based on individual circumstances.